[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.212sqn.cz\/litosfera-nasi-zeme\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.212sqn.cz\/litosfera-nasi-zeme\/","headline":"Litosf\u00e9ra na\u0161\u00ed Zem\u011b","name":"Litosf\u00e9ra na\u0161\u00ed Zem\u011b","description":"Fyzickogeografick\u00e1 sf\u00e9ra je pro na\u0161i zemi velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 a zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se j\u00ed mnoho lid\u00ed, mnoho v\u011bdc\u016f a u\u010ditel\u016f.\u00a0Ve fyzickogeografick\u00e9 sf\u00e9\u0159e se nach\u00e1z\u00ed litosf\u00e9ra, co\u017e je povrchov\u00e1 z\u00f3na zem\u011b, zjednodu\u0161en\u011b je to kamenn\u00fd obal zem\u011b. Litosf\u00e9ru d\u011bl\u00edme na oce\u00e1nskou a pevninskou. … ","datePublished":"2022-01-06","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.212sqn.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.212sqn.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ee69a086fc043006d66000ff5e288b6b088fc8fa323128f3849437410a854832?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ee69a086fc043006d66000ff5e288b6b088fc8fa323128f3849437410a854832?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"212sqn.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.212sqn.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/pexels-benjamin-svobodny-166646.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.212sqn.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/pexels-benjamin-svobodny-166646.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.212sqn.cz\/litosfera-nasi-zeme\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":408,"articleBody":"Fyzickogeografick\u00e1 sf\u00e9ra je pro na\u0161i zemi velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 a zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se j\u00ed mnoho lid\u00ed, mnoho v\u011bdc\u016f a u\u010ditel\u016f.\u00a0Ve fyzickogeografick\u00e9 sf\u00e9\u0159e se nach\u00e1z\u00ed litosf\u00e9ra, co\u017e je povrchov\u00e1 z\u00f3na zem\u011b, zjednodu\u0161en\u011b je to kamenn\u00fd obal zem\u011b. Litosf\u00e9ru d\u011bl\u00edme na oce\u00e1nskou a pevninskou. Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se v n\u00ed litosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 desky. Pod litosf\u00e9rou je astenosf\u00e9ra, po kter\u00e9 pluj\u00ed desky.Deskovou tektonikou zna\u010d\u00edme, \u017ee se litosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 desky za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed pohybovat. \u00dapln\u011b prvn\u011b se tak stalo v Pangee, pak na Laurasii a v Gondwanu. Posunut\u00ed desek je 3-15 centimetr\u016f za rok. S deskovou tektonikou p\u0159i\u0161el s\u00e1m geofyzik Alfred Wegenera a Hans Cloose. Zde se d\u00edky nim poprv\u00e9 objevila samotn\u00e1 my\u0161lenka tzv. kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho driftu.M\u00e1me t\u0159i druhy pohybu litosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch desek.\u00a0A) rozp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed – zde se desky od sebe vzdaluj\u00ed. Rozp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed se d\u011bl\u00ed na dv\u011b podkategorie: a) oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 desky – za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 vznikat nov\u00e1 k\u016fra, b) pevninsk\u00e9 desky – pevniny se oddaluj\u00ed (St\u0159edoatlanstk\u00fd h\u0159eben). B) subdukce – to je podsouv\u00e1n\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 desky pod tu pevninskou a kolize pevninsk\u00fdch desek (p\u0159\u00edkladem je asijsk\u00e1 s indickou). C) pohyb pod\u00e9l zlomov\u00e9 linie (to se objevilo nap\u0159\u00edklad v San Andreas).Jak\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky maj\u00ed pohyby litosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch desek? A) Horotvorn\u00e9 pohyby (tj. orogeneze) = objevilo se to v geologick\u00e9 minulosti a vytvo\u0159ila se tak p\u00e1semn\u00e1 poho\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e1 dnes naz\u00fdv\u00e1me VR\u00c1SN\u011aN\u00cd. U n\u00e1s je to nap\u0159\u00edklad Kaledonsk\u00e9 (vznik Skandin\u00e1vsk\u00e9ho poho\u0159\u00ed a hor na severu Anglie). Hercynsk\u00e9 = d\u00edky tomuto pohybu vznikl Vogez nebo Ardeny. Alpinsk\u00e9 = a d\u00edky tomuto pohybu vznikly t\u0159eba Pyreneje, Alpy, Atlas \u010di Kavkaz. B) Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed = t\u00edmto jevem se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 seismologie a je to dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina interakce desek. Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed vznik\u00e1\u00a0v hypocentru a jde kolmo nahoru (epicentrum), ale to pro v\u00e1s nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 novinka, jeliko\u017e jste se to u\u010dili ji\u017e na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole. Co je velk\u00fdm p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, tak \u017ee 75 % zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed se objevuje v tzv. Ohniv\u00e9m kruhu (to je hrani\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1smo Pacifiku). C) Sope\u010dn\u00e1 \u010dinnost (tj. vulkanismus) = objevuje se na okraj\u00edch litosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch desek a v\u00fdsledkem jsou v\u00fdstupy tepl\u00e9ho magmatu na zemsk\u00fd povrch (nap\u0159\u00edklad Vesuv \u010di Etna).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.8\/5 - (5 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Litosf\u00e9ra na\u0161\u00ed Zem\u011b","item":"https:\/\/www.212sqn.cz\/litosfera-nasi-zeme\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]